DO WOMEN PERCEIVE GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD DIFFERENTLY THAN MEN?
Howard G. Ling
Marilu E. Santos
University of North Carolina at Pembroke
Michael Poletti
Fayetteville State University
ABSTRACT
Foods derived from genetically modified (GM) crops and have been a part of the food
chain in the United States for more than a decade while incurring little of the controversy
exhibited in European countries. GM crops include fruits, vegetables and grains and are the result
of a process by which foreign genes are spliced into a related or non-related species resulting in a
genetically modified organism. This pilot study examines whether female and male consumers
hold different attitudes toward GM food. Surveys of the literature regarding consumer attitudes
toward GM foods in the United States, Europe, and developing economies are presented together
with an analysis of gender differences in consumer behavior with a particular emphasis on food
purchasing.
The results of this initial study offers evidence that suggests that women perceive GM
food to be less useful, less morally acceptable, more personally risky, less economically necessary,
and should be less politically encouraged than their male counterparts. Additionally, women were
found to have a less positive attitude towards purchase of GM foods than men. This study
concludes with a discussion of the ways by which marketers may consider gender differences
when developing marketing strategies for GM food.